Why Is Drilling Fluids Used for Oil & Gas Drilling?

Sep 20, 2013

Many industry insiders understand that drilling fluids is the blood in the drilling engineering.

In oil and gas drilling, drilling fluids is used to aid the drilling of boreholes into the earth. Often used while drilling oil and natural gas wells and on exploration drilling rigs, drilling fluids is also used for much simpler boreholes, such as water wells. Liquid drilling fluids is often called drilling mud. The three main categories of drilling fluids are water-based muds ( which can be dispersed and non-dispersed ), non-aqueous mud, usually called oil-based mud, and gaseous drilling fluids, in which a wide range of gases can be used.

Nowadays the high quality drilling fluids ( also called "mud" ) is not composed of merely one or two materials ( such as bentonite ). To keep the capability of the drilling fluids, it needs to add various treatment agent, such as drilling fluids lubricant, high temperature stabilizer, anti-sloughing agent. According to the statistics in the year of 1992, treatment agent series have increased to ten categories including 202 kinds, forming an important branch of oilfield chemistry. So the cost of drilling fluids is pretty high. To save the cost of drilling, drilling solids control equipment is necessary to treat the drilling fluids for better recycling.

With regard to the removal of solid particles in the drilling fluids, the treatment system of solid particles, i.e. solids control system has been strengthened and improved. The solid particles in the drilling fluids as cuttings and barite, impede the flowing of drilling fluids, which not only damage the performance of drilling fluids stability, but also increases the friction of the circulatory system, so that the equipment suffers abrasion and corrosion too early. The main method of removing solid content in drilling fluids is strengthening the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen, increasing the screen mesh size and double screen, improving the efficiency of the desilter and desander. In addition, sometimes, we need to add additional separator to remove fine particles in drilling fluids.

The main functions of a drilling fluids can be summarized as follows:

1. Remove cuttings from well

2. Suspend and release cuttings

3. Control formation pressures

4. Seal permeable formations

5. Maintain wellbore stability

6. Minimize formation damage

7. Cool, lubricate, and support the bit and drilling assembly

8. Transmit hydraulic energy to tools and bit

9. Ensure adequate formation evaluation

10. Control corrosion

11. Facilitate cementing and completion

12. Minimize impact on environment

By dint of resource sharing and integration of international oil equipment manufacturers and engineering services providers, KOSUN has built close strategic cooperation with foreign well-known drilling fluids engineering services providers and drilling waste management providers to jointly discuss and develop integrated services, including drilling waste management, drilling fluids supply, drilling fluids additives, oil chemicals, and to provide the most reliable products and the top quality services for oilfields all over the world.